The parameters of the solar panels are provided under STC (Standard Test Conditions). Under STC, the corresponding solar irradiance is equal to 1000W/m², the cell operating temperature is 25°C, and the air mass is 1.5.
The main parameters of the solar panel
- ISC, short-circuit current. The short-circuit current is the maximum current generated by a solar panel, and its unit is Amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA). The value of the short-circuit current depends on the area of the solar panel, the solar radiation incident on the solar panel, the cell technology, and other factors.
- VOC, Open Circuit Voltage. The open circuit voltage is the maximum voltage that a solar panel can generate under open circuit conditions. Its measurement unit is volts (V) or millivolts (mV). The value of VOC depends on the solar panel technology and operating temperature.
- PM, peak power. The unit is usually W. Peak power means the maximum power that a solar panel can produce under STC (Standard Test Conditions). It is measured in Wpeak or simply WP. Besides STC, the solar panel also has PM under different irradiance and operating temperature values. The solar panel can operate at various combinations of current and voltage. However, it can only generate the maximum power PM at a specific combination of voltage and current, which can be expressed by the following formula: PM = IM × VM.
- Imp, the current at the maximum power point. It represents the current generated by the solar panel when operating at its maximum power point. Its value is always less than the short-circuit current (ISC). The unit of measurement is amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA).
- Vmp, the voltage at the maximum power point. It represents the voltage generated by the solar panel when operating at its maximum power point. The unit of measurement is Volts(V) or millivolts(mV).
- η, efficiency. The efficiency of a solar panel is defined as the maximum output power (PM) divided by the input power (PIN). It is measured as a percentage (%), indicating the percentage of the input solar power that is converted into electrical energy. The input power is the power density. Efficiency can be calculated as follows: η = PM / (PIN × Area).
HBOWA New Energy is a manufacturer of solar panels, solar batteries, inverters, and solar systems with over 8 years of experience, we offer standard solar products and provide solar systems with free designs. Customization is also acceptable.
If you want to learn more about solar panels, feel free to contact us, we are always here at your service.
